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Obesity & Weight Management Clinic in Singapore
Obesity is a condition characterised by an excess accumulation of body fat. In the field of endocrinology, obesity is recognised not merely as a result of overeating or lack of physical activity, but as a complex disorder involving an imbalance in the body’s hormone regulation.
Hormones play a role in controlling appetite, metabolism, and the distribution of body fat. Disruptions to these hormonal processes can lead to weight gain and obesity.
Obesity can be a contributing factor or symptom of various endocrine disorders, including thyroid dysfunction, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and insulin resistance, which is a precursor to type 2 diabetes.
Dr Daphne Lee
MBBS
MRCP(UK)
FAMS
Symptoms
Symptoms of obesity extend beyond an apparent increase in body weight and a high body mass index (BMI). In the context of endocrinology, obesity may manifest through various signs and symptoms that indicate hormonal imbalances or metabolic irregularities.
- Increased Fat Deposition: This is most noticeable around the abdomen, hips, and thighs. Central obesity, particularly the accumulation of visceral fat around the abdominal organs, may indicate metabolic issues.
- Fatigue: Persistent feelings of tiredness or lack of energy can be a symptom, often linked to metabolic disturbances caused by excess weight.
- Irregular Menstrual Cycles or Infertility: In women, obesity can lead to hormonal imbalances that disrupt the menstrual cycle, potentially leading to infertility.
- Development of Skin Conditions: Conditions such as acanthosis nigricans, characterised by dark, velvety patches in body folds and creases, can be associated with obesity and insulin resistance.
- Problems with Breathing: Shortness of breath or sleep apnoea, where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep, can be symptomatic of obesity.
- Joint Pain: Excess weight places additional stress on weight-bearing joints, leading to symptoms like pain and stiffness.
Causes
Obesity is a multifaceted condition influenced by a range of factors:
Genetic Predisposition
Genetics can influence the likelihood of developing obesity, particularly in the presence of endocrine disorders. Certain genetic conditions affect hormone regulation, appetite control, and energy metabolism, making some people more prone to gaining weight.
Hormonal Imbalances
Hormonal disorders, such as hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can lead to obesity. These conditions disrupt the normal balance of hormones that regulate metabolism and appetite.
Certain Medications
Some medications, including specific steroids and hormonal therapies used in endocrinology, can contribute to weight gain, thereby playing a role in the onset of obesity.
Poor Lifestyle Choices
Dietary habits and physical activity levels influence body weight. High-calorie diets, especially those rich in fats and sugars, combined with sedentary lifestyles, contribute to the accumulation of excess body fat.
Complications
Obesity can be associated with a range of complications that affect various body systems:
- Endocrine Disorders: Obesity often disrupts hormonal balance, leading to conditions like type 2 diabetes, characterised by insulin resistance, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. These conditions arise from the body’s inability to efficiently manage hormone levels, due to excess fat.
- Cardiovascular Diseases: Obesity is linked to heart diseases, including coronary artery disease, which can lead to heart attack and heart failure. It is also associated with abnormalities in heart rhythm and high blood pressure.
- Metabolic Syndrome: This refers to a cluster of conditions including high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol levels. They can occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
- Joint and Musculoskeletal Disorders: Excessive body weight can lead to joint problems, including osteoarthritis, due to the added stress on weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips.
- Respiratory Disorders: Obesity can impair lung function and is linked to sleep apnea, a sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts.
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders: Obesity increases the likelihood of developing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gallstones, and liver diseases.
Diagnosis
Obesity is diagnosed based on Body Mass Index (BMI), which is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kilograms by their height in square metres. A BMI within the range of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered normal, while a BMI of 30 or more indicates obesity.
In an endocrine clinic, the diagnostic process also includes a comprehensive evaluation to identify potential hormonal or metabolic factors contributing to weight gain. These secondary conditions can be detected through a detailed medical history review, physical examination, blood tests, saliva tests, and X-rays when necessary.
Weight Management Strategies
Effective weight management strategies involve a combination of medications and therapeutic interventions by the endocrinologist, tailored to individual needs and underlying endocrine disorders.
Anti-Obesity Medications
These are prescribed to assist with weight loss and maintenance. Medications typically work by suppressing appetite, reducing fat absorption, or increasing feelings of fullness. Each medication has specific indications and is chosen based on the individual's health profile and obesity-related complications.
Insulin Sensitisers
In cases where obesity is linked to insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes, medications are used. These agents help improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, thereby aiding in weight management.
Hormonal Therapy
For obesity related to hormonal imbalances, such as in PCOS or thyroid disorders, specific hormonal therapies may be prescribed. These treatments aim to correct the hormonal imbalance and consequently, assist in weight management.
Dr Daphne Lee
MBBS
MRCP(UK)
FAMS
Dr Daphne Lee has special interests in the comprehensive management & treatment of diabetes, adrenal and pituitary conditions.
Qualifications
- MBBS (National University of Singapore, Singapore) 2006
- MRCP (Royal College of Physicians, United Kingdom)
- Fellow, Academy of Medicine, Singapore (FAMS)
- Registered with Specialist Accreditation Board (SAB)
- Registered with Singapore Medical Council (SMC)
Before private practice, Dr Daphne Lee was a consultant endocrinologist at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital. During her time there, she also ran the pituitary and adrenal clinics.
Partnered Programs & Insurance Plans
For Singaporeans, Singapore Permanent Residents and Foreigners.
Please speak to our friendly clinic staff about using your insurance plans.
Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Center
38 Irrawaddy Road, #07 - 63,
Singapore 329563
Gleneagles Medical Centre
6 Napier Road, #03 - 10,
Singapore 258499
Weekdays: 08:30am – 05:30pm
Saturdays: 08:30am – 12:30pm
Sundays & Public Holidays: Closed
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Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Center
38 Irrawaddy Road, #07 - 63,
Singapore 329563
Gleneagles Medical Centre
6 Napier Road, #03 - 10,
Singapore 258499
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What Is the Fastest Way to Treat Obesity?
The treatment of obesity typically involves a multi-faceted approach, including dietary changes, increased physical activity and medication. Rapid weight loss methods are generally not sustainable or healthy in the long term. A gradual, consistent approach guided by our endocrinologist can help ensure safer and more sustainable results.
How Can I Prevent Obesity?
Preventing obesity involves a combination of healthy eating, regular physical activity, and maintaining a balance between calorie intake and energy expenditure. Be aware of family health history, as genetics can play a role in obesity risk. Regular health check-ups, including consultations with the endocrinologist if you have concerns about hormonal imbalances, can help prevent obesity.
What Is the Best Exercise for an Obese Person to Lose Weight?
The best exercise for an obese person often includes low-impact, moderate-intensity activities like walking, swimming, or cycling. Start at a comfortable level and gradually increase the duration and intensity.
Can Obesity Ever Be Fully Cured?
Obesity is a chronic condition that can be managed but may not be cured in the traditional sense. Long-term management often requires lifestyle changes and medical interventions. For some, obesity can be a lifelong condition that requires ongoing attention to diet, exercise, and medical care. In cases of obesity due to hormonal imbalances, reach out to our endocrinologist for a personalised treatment plan.